CPR Techniques - Steps for Performing Chest Compressions, Rescue Breaths, and Hands-Only CPR
- snstodd77
- Jan 14
- 3 min read
Introduction
When emergencies strike, knowing how to perform CPR can mean the difference between life and death. Whether it’s an adult, child, or infant in distress, understanding the proper CPR techniques equips you with the confidence to act quickly and effectively. This guide provides clear, step-by-step instructions for performing chest compressions, rescue breaths, and hands-only CPR for different age groups. By the end, you’ll feel empowered to step in when every second counts.
What Is CPR and Why Is It Important?
CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) is a life-saving technique used during emergencies when someone’s breathing or heartbeat has stopped. By performing CPR, you maintain blood flow and oxygen delivery to vital organs, significantly increasing the chances of survival until professional help arrives.
Steps for Performing CPR on Adults
1. Assess the Situation and the Person
Ensure the area is safe for you and the victim.
Check for responsiveness by tapping their shoulders and shouting, "Are you okay?"
If there’s no response, call 911 or ask someone to do so.
2. Check for Breathing
Look, listen, and feel for signs of breathing for no more than 10 seconds.
If the person is not breathing or only gasping, begin CPR immediately.
3. Perform Chest Compressions
Place the heel of one hand on the center of the chest (lower half of the breastbone).
Place your other hand on top and interlock your fingers.
Push hard and fast at a rate of 100–120 compressions per minute, pressing about 2 inches deep.
Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions.
4. Provide Rescue Breaths (Optional)
If trained and comfortable, give rescue breaths:
Tilt the head back and lift the chin to open the airway.
Pinch the nose shut and give two breaths, watching the chest rise.
Continue cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until help arrives.
5. Use an AED if Available
If an AED (Automated External Defibrillator) is nearby, turn it on and follow the voice prompts.
Resume CPR immediately after the AED administers a shock or advises you to continue.
CPR for Children (1 Year to Puberty)
While similar to adult CPR, CPR for children involves slight modifications:
Use one hand instead of two for chest compressions unless the child is large.
Compress the chest about 2 inches deep.
If providing rescue breaths, ensure you create a good seal over the child’s mouth and nose.
CPR for Infants (Under 1 Year)
CPR for infants requires extra care due to their smaller size and delicate bodies.
Steps:
Use two fingers to provide compressions on the center of the chest, just below the nipple line.
Compress about 1.5 inches deep at a rate of 100–120 compressions per minute.
Cover the infant’s mouth and nose with your mouth for rescue breaths, delivering gentle puffs of air.
Continue cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until help arrives.
Hands-Only CPR
Hands-only CPR is an effective alternative if you’re untrained or uncomfortable giving rescue breaths.
Steps:
Call 911 immediately.
Begin chest compressions at the same rate and depth as traditional CPR.
Continue until professional help arrives or the person shows signs of recovery.
Key Tips for Effective CPR
Push hard and fast: Consistency in compression depth and rhythm is crucial.
Minimize interruptions: Only pause briefly to give rescue breaths or use an AED.
Don’t be afraid to act: Doing something is better than doing nothing in an emergency.
Conclusion
CPR is a skill that everyone should learn, as it can save lives in critical moments. By mastering these techniques, you can provide life-saving assistance to adults, children, and infants in need. Whether it’s traditional CPR or hands-only CPR, every action you take could make all the difference.
Ready to learn more? Sign up for our CPR training classes today and gain the confidence to save lives.
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